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#91945 - 04/21/04 11:48 AM
Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Moderator
Pooh-Bah
Registered: 03/20/03
Posts: 1379
Loc: DrugBuyers.Com
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Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Tablets, USP Methylphenidate Hydrochloride Extended-release Tablets, USP Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a mild central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is available as 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets for oral administration. A 20 mg extended-release tablet for oral administration is also available. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is methyl a-phenyl-2-piperi-dineeacetate hydrochloride. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a white, odorless, fine crystalline powder. Its solutions are acid to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and in methanol, soluble in alcohol, and sliglhtly soluble in chloroform and in acetone. Its molecular weight is 269.77. Inactive Ingredients: Methylphenidate hydrochloride tablets; lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate; 5 mg contains D&C Yellow #10; 10 mg contains FD&C Green #3, and 20 mg contains FD&C Yellow #6. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets: cetyl alcohol, ethylcellulose, lactose and magnesium stearate. INDICATIONS Attention Deficit Disorders, Narcolepsy: Attention Deficit Disorders (previously known as Minimal Brain Dysfunction in Children). Other terms being used to describe the behavioral syndrome below include: Hyperkinetic Child Syndrome, Minimal Brain Damage, Minimal Cerebral Dysfunction, Minor Cerebral Dysfunction. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is indicated as an integral proof of a total treatment program which typically includes other remedial measures (psychological, educational, social) for a stabilizing effect in children with a behavioral syndrome characterized by the following group of developmentally inappropriate symptoms; moderate-to-severe distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotional lability and impulsivity. The diagnosis of this syndrome should not be made with finality when these symptoms are only of comparatively recent origin. Nonlocalizing (soft) neurological signs, learning disability and abnormal EEG may or may not be present, and a diagnosis of central nervous system dysfunction may or may not be warranted. Special Diagnostic Considerations: Specific etiology of this syndrome is unknown, and there is no single diagnostic test. Adequate diagnosis requires the use not only of medical but of special psychological, educational, and social resources. Characteristics commonly reported include: Chronic history of short attention span, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsivity, and moderate-to-severe hyperactivity; minor neurological signs and abnormal EEG. Learning may or may not be impaired.The diagnosis must be based upon a complete history and evaluation of the child and not solely on the presence of one or more of these characteristics. drug treatment is not indicated for all children with this syndrome. Stimulants are not intended for use in the child who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental factors and/or primary psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. Appropriate educational placement is essential and psychosocial-intervention is generally necessary. When remedial measures alone are insufficient, the decision to prescribe stimulant medication will depend upon the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Adult Tablets: Administer in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, preferably 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Average dosage is 20 to 30 mg daily. Some patients may require 40 to 60 mg daily. In others, 10 to 15 mg daily will be adequate. Patients who are unable to sleep if medication is taken late in the day should take the last dose before 6 p.m.. Extended-Release Tablets: Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, the extended-release tablets may be used in place of the immediate-release tablets when the 8-hour dosage of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of the immediate-release tablets. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed. Children (6 years and over) Methylphenidate hydrochloride should be initiated in small doses, with gradual weekly increments. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. If improvement is not observed after appropriate dosage adjustment over a one-month period, the drug should be discontinued. Tablets: Start with 5 mg twice daily (before breakfast and lunch) with gradual increments of 5 to 10 mg weekly. Extended-Release Tablets: Methylphenidale hydrochloride extended-release tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, the extended-release tablets may be used in place of the immediate-release tablets when the 8-hour dosage of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of the immediate-release tablets. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed. If paradoxical aggravation of symptoms or other adverse effects occur, reduce dosage, or, if necessary, discontinue the drug. Methylphenidate should be periodically discontinued to assess the child's condition. Improvement may be sustained when the drug is either temporarily or permanently discontinued. drug treatment should not and need not be indefinite and usually may be discontinued after puberty. HOW SUPPLIED Methylphenidate hydrochloride tablets are supplied as- Tablets, 5 mg: Round, yellow, uncoated, unscored, (debossed 531 and MD) in bottles of 100 and 1,000. Tablets, 10 mg: Round, pale blue/green, uncoated, scored, (debossed 530 and MD) in bottles of 100 and 1,000. Tablets, 20 mg: Round, orange, uncoated, scored, (debossed 532 and MD) in bottles of 100 and 1,000. Extended-release Tablets, 20 mg: Round, white, uncoated, unscored, (debossed 562 and MD) in bottles of 100. NOTE: Extended-release tablets are color-additive free. PHARMACIST: Dispense in a tight light-resistant container as defined in the USP with a child-resistant closure. Store at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°F). Protect from moisture. WARNINGS Methylphenidate should not be used in children under six years, since safety and efficacy in this age group have not been established. Sufficient data on safety and efficacy of long-term use of methylphenidate hydrochloride in children are not yet available. Although a causal relationship has not been established, suppression of growth ( i.e., weight gain, and/or height) has been reported with the long-term use of stimulants in children. Therefore, patients requiring long-term therapy should be carefully monitored. Methylphenidate should not be used for severe depression of either exogenous or endogenous origin. Clinical experience suggests that in psychotic children, administration of methylphenidate may exacerbate symptoms of behavior disturbance and thought disorder Methylphenidals should not be used for the prevention or treatment of normal fatigue states. There is some clinical evidence that methylphenidate may lower the convulsive threshold in patients with prior history of seizures, with prior EEG abnormalities in absence of seizures, and very rarely, in absence of history of seizures and no prior EEG evidence of seizures. Safe concomitant use of anticonvulsants and methylphenidate has not been established. In the presence of seizures, the drug should be discontinued. Use cautiously in patients with hypertension. Blood pressure should be monitored at appropriate intervals in all patients taking methylphenidate, especially those with hypertension. Symptoms of visual disturbances have been encountered in rare cases. Difficulties with accommodation and blurring of vision have been reported. drug Interactions Methylphenidate may decrease the hypotensive effect of guanethidine. Use cautiously with pressor agents and MAO inhibitors. Human pharmacologic studies have shown that methylphenidate may inhibit the metabolism of coumarin anticoagulants, anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), phenylbutazone, and tricyclic anti-depressants (imipramine, clomipramnine, desipramine). Downward dosage adjustments of these drugs may be required when given concomitantly with methylphenidate. Usage In Pregnancy Adequate animal reproduction studies to establish safe use of methylphenidate during pregnancy have not been conducted. Therefore, until more information is available, methylphenidate hydrochloride should not be prescribed for women of childbearing age unless, in the opinion of the physician, the potential benefits outweigh the possible risks. PRECAUTIONS Patients with an element of agitation may react adversely; discontinue therapy if necessary. Periodic C.C. differential, and platelet counts are advised during prolonged therapy. drug treatment is not indicated in all cases of this behavioral syndrome and should be considered only in light of the complete history and evaluation of the child. The decision to prescribe methylphenidate should depend on the physician's assessment of the chronicity and severity of the child's symptoms and their appropriateness for his/her age. Prescription should not depend solely on the presence of one or more of the behavioral characteristics. When these symptoms are associated with acute stress reactions, treatment with methylphenidate is usually not indicated. Long-term effects of methylphenidate in children have not been well established. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility In a lifetime carcinogenicity study carried out in B6C3F1 mice, methylphenidate caused an increase in hepatocellular adenomas and in males only, an increase in hepatoblastomas, at a daily dose of approximately 60 mg/kg/day. This dose is approximately 30 times and 2.5 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/kg and mg/mē basis respectively. Hepatoblastoma is a relatively rare rodent malignant tumor type. There was no increase in total malignant hepatic tumors. The mouse strain used is sensitive to the development of hepatic tumors, and the significance of these results to humans is unknown. Methylphenlidate did not cause any increases in tumors in a lifetime carcinogenicity study carried out in F344 rats; the highest dose used was approximately 45 mg/kg/day, which is approximately 22 times and 4 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/kg and mg/mē basis, respectively. Methylphenidate was not mutagenic in the in vitro Ames reverse mutation assay or in the in vitro mouse lymphoma cell forward mutation assay. Sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations were increased, indicative of a weak clastogenic response, in an in vitro assay in cultured Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. The genotoxic potential of methylphenidate has not been evaluated in an in vitro assay.
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#91955 - 07/01/04 08:24 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Stranger
Registered: 06/24/04
Posts: 11
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Here it is an interesting piece of information regarding Ritalin, BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to investigate the pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) in the human brain, to compare them with those of cocaine, and to evaluate whether cocaine and methylphenidate compete for the same binding sites. METHODS: We used positron emission tomography to measure the temporal and spatial distribution of carbon 11 (11C)-labeled methylphenidate. These results were compared with those obtained previously for [11C]cocaine. Eight healthy male subjects, 20 to 51 years of age, were scanned with [11C]methylphenidate. Three were tested twice to assess test-retest variability, four were tested at baseline and after administration of methylphenidate, and one was tested with [11C]methylphenidate and [11C]cocaine. Two baboons were scanned to evaluate whether there was competition between cocaine and methylphenidate for the same binding sites in the brain. RESULTS: The uptake of [11C]methylphenidate in the brain was high (mean +/- SD, 7.5% +/- 1.5%), and the maximal concentration occurred in striatum. Pretreatment with methylphenidate decreased binding only in striatum (40%). Although the regional distribution of [11C]methylphenidate, was identical to that of [11C]cocaine and they competed with each other for the same binding sites, these two drugs differed markedly in their pharmacokinetics. Clearance of [11C]methylphenidate from striatum (90 minutes) was significantly slower than that of [11C]cocaine (20 minutes). For both drugs, their fast uptake in striatum paralleled the experience of the "high." For methylphenidate, the high decreased very rapidly despite significant binding of the drug in the brain. In contrast, for cocaine, the decline in the high paralleled its fast rate of clearance from the brain. CONCLUSION: We speculate that because the experience of the high is associated with the fast uptake of cocaine and methylphenidate in the brain, the slow clearance of methylphenidate from the brain may serve as a limiting factor in promoting its frequent self-administration. http://www.biopsychiatry.com/methcomp.htm
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#91961 - 09/09/05 04:44 AM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate *DELETED*
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Stranger
Registered: 07/01/05
Posts: 6
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#91963 - 09/09/05 04:53 AM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Stranger
Registered: 07/01/05
Posts: 6
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Quote:
Methylphenidate may decrease the hypotensive effect of guanethidine. Use cautiously with pressor agents and MAO inhibitors. Human pharmacologic studies have shown that methylphenidate may inhibit the metabolism of coumarin anticoagulants, anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), phenylbutazone, and tricyclic anti-depressants (imipramine, clomipramnine, desipramine). Downward dosage adjustments of these drugs may be required when given concomitantly with methylphenidate.
iam taking wellbutrin for add
will ritilan have any affect or reaction if taking simultaneously
Edited by newk8 (09/09/05 04:59 AM)
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#91971 - 10/06/05 02:10 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Newbie
Registered: 07/26/05
Posts: 32
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Quote:
Why do adults take Ritalin?
Adults can and do also suffer from ADD. My friend does, she says it's like a T.V in her head and the channels are constantly flipping. When she takes the ritalin, the T.V. stops at one channel.
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#91973 - 11/13/05 06:01 AM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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GRAND Pooh-Bah
Registered: 08/13/02
Posts: 1178
Loc: New England
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I posted this in another forum and decided it belongs in here instead. This posts refers to our experience with RITALIN LA 20mg. Please don't bash my choice of going this route with my son. Been there and done that. Unless you see him in action, you have no idea. I have boy/girl twins that just turned 5. My son has pervasive developmental disorder and suffers from an anxiety disorder. We have been seeing a pyc and therapist for 10 months now. He started celexa about 6 months ago and that has helped ALOT with his anxiety. 2 months ago, the dr started talking about maybe needing a stimulant so we went and had an ECG to make sure his heart is okay, etc. So Thursday at his appt, she gave him RITALIN LA 20mg once daily to avoid having to dose him while in school. This is when the trouble started. He had an "adverse" reaction to it according to doctor. The reason for my post is to ask/beg any of you who know anything to please shed some light on this for me. I opened the capsule and spread it over applesauce like the dr and manufactor said could be done. Within 20 minutes, he was NUTS! He went and took Christmas glasses out of the cabinet, I didn't even know he knew about them. He sat on the floor in the living room rearranging these glasses for 3+ hours. Wouldn't look at us, wouldn't talk to us, just keep rearranging the glasses into different patterns, shapes, etc. We tried to redirect him to things he loves to do, nope, nothing. Finally I picked him up and took him upstairs, screaming and fighting. He proceeded to puke 4 times. The fixation at that point was to make himself puke. For 2 hours all he did was put a pan up to his face and make sounds like vomiting. Since he was all dirty, I put him in the tub where he remained palaying with water for a few hours, while I sat there watching him. Finally after 14 hours of this, he went to sleep and woke up normal this morning. I spoke to his doctor a few times and she sais he can't take it (dah) and called it an "adverse" reaction. We will talk next week about the future plans. Anyone ever hear of this response before? I am freaked out to say the least! Thanks! BTW, he is 44 pounds and 44 inches. I was thinking it was too much med but he didn't have classic signs of "overdose" aka...too much medicine.
_________________________
I've learned that you shouldn't go through life with catcher's mitts on both hands. You need to be able to throw something back. (Maya Angelou)
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#91975 - 04/15/06 04:49 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Newbie
Registered: 04/02/06
Posts: 41
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Quote:
Newguy, Ritalin is different than Concerta. They treat a similar condition but they are not the same thing.
They are both Methylphenidate Hydrochloride. Yes they come in different doses, they contain different binders etc but they are the same chemical.
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#91982 - 05/05/06 12:50 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Banned: posts about own recreational drug use
Registered: 06/17/03
Posts: 243
Loc: WV
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Quote:
yeah they should prescribe ritalin for depression, and like the methadone program for opiate addicts, there could be a ritalin program for methamphetamine addicts.
Yeah ,I agree .They should have program like methadone were they would give ritalin to people in cases were it would help for whatever substance abuse problem that it would be the drug of choice that would help people most for whatever problem they were having .It would also be nice ito get it prescribed depression and other mental disorders were it would be the best choice for a doctor to prescribe in those cases .Not all drugs affect everyone the same .I have a nervous or mental disorder myself were I have took ritalin in small therapuetic amounts 3 times a day .It helped me tremendously .I talked to my doctor who was a peditrician also and he would not prescibe it to me .He was very understanding doctor but he would not prescribe me ritalin even in small doses even though he did prescibe it to aome of his younger patients.I have a heart condition also and that may have been part of the reason he would not give it to me .
harley88
Edited by harley88 (05/05/06 12:54 PM)
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#91984 - 03/07/07 03:16 AM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Stranger
Registered: 12/06/05
Posts: 2
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Quote:
Its also only the dextro isomer of the drug.
Not true at all. Focalin and Focalin XR are the only drugs which contain only the dextro-isomer. The chemical name/ingredient for Focalin is dextromethylphenidate (d-methylphenidate).
Concerta ER and all other methylphenidate preperations (except focalin of course) contain both the dextro and levo isomer. Concerta ER is simply an extended release capsule of d,l-methylphenidate which uses a unique delivery system called OROSŪ. Concerta contains two MPH (methylphenidate) compartments, a push compartment, and an IR overcoat. The overcoat of the capsule contains 22% of the overall methylphenidate. Within the first hour after consumption, IR methylphenidate is released. An hour later the push compartment expands releasing the first MPH compartment, releasing methylphenidate slowly over 5 hours or so. Then the second MPH compartment comes to play, releasing the remaining methylphenidate in the capsule. This entire process takes up to 12 hours.
I hope I helped some of you understand more about Concerta and Methylphenidate in general.
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#91985 - 03/15/07 10:21 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
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Veteran
Registered: 12/27/05
Posts: 566
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Quote:
Quote:
Its also only the dextro isomer of the drug.
Not true at all. Focalin and Focalin XR are the only drugs which contain only the dextro-isomer. The chemical name/ingredient for Focalin is dextromethylphenidate (d-methylphenidate). Concerta ER and all other methylphenidate preperations (except focalin of course) contain both the dextro and levo isomer. Concerta ER is simply an extended release capsule of d,l-methylphenidate which uses a unique delivery system called OROSŪ. Concerta contains two MPH (methylphenidate) compartments, a push compartment, and an IR overcoat. The overcoat of the capsule contains 22% of the overall methylphenidate. Within the first hour after consumption, IR methylphenidate is released. An hour later the push compartment expands releasing the first MPH compartment, releasing methylphenidate slowly over 5 hours or so. Then the second MPH compartment comes to play, releasing the remaining methylphenidate in the capsule. This entire process takes up to 12 hours. I hope I helped some of you understand more about Concerta and Methylphenidate in general.
I'm lucky enough to have 2 of 3 sons with ADHD, LOL. The problem with my younger son is that Concerta does not last 12 hours. He's lucky to get through a whole day of school. But, his mood was labile with ritalin. I still have to give him ritalin at night during baseball season to help him focus.
My oldest son just turned 18 and has taken ritalin since he was 6 years old. He refuses to take the ritalin anymore because if affects his mood. But, he still can't focus. (he had bad side effect with concerta when he was younger). Does anyone have experience with a child or yourself that took stimulants for adhd until you were an adult? Although he isn't as "hyper" now that he is older, it is just manifested in different ways. I fear he will not make it through his first year of college, not to mention that he is still very impulsive. Any suggestions?? I'd appreciate feedback because he has severe ADHD and studies indicate most people do not "outgrow" it.
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#870605 - 04/05/09 05:58 PM
Re: Ritalin - Methylphenidate
[Re: pampoosa]
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Journeyman
Registered: 03/22/09
Posts: 80
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I just wanted to post my subjective experience with two brands of methylphenidate. Originally I had been supplied with "tradea" I believe from Mexico. I did not like it at all (10mg crumbly tablets). They made me feel really weird. off balance, etc. not clear headed, the way my original ritalin I used to be prescribed in college worked. Then I found a source for norvartis 10mg Ritalin. Wow, its so much different. seems more potent and "clearer". only thing is I still cant achieve that clarity and focus and energy i had in college. Could it be a reaction to another med I've been on? I've been on wellbutrin, but I quit it about a week before trying these ritalin type meds. I also take clonazepam 2mg at night to sleep, and .5mg in the day for reasons explained in the next sentence. (i'm a recovering alcoholic and don't wanna have seizures, so they intruduced the benzos to lower the seizure threshold) What do you think? Also, a quack psych who thinks i dont have ADD put me on keppra (works on GABA and calcium channels... long half life, anti seizure med)... maybe that's messing up the ritalin's effect. i just stopped it a couple days back.. feeling depressed because I really need help. my life is so confusing, and i know with the right meds, it really isn't confusing. 
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